从Cmder到Windows Terminal
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从Cmder到Windows Terminal

　　记录一下从Cmder迁移至Windows Terminal，并进行一些优化的过程，果然人还是喜欢没事折腾一下的。

卸载Cmder

　　第一步当然是干掉Cmder咯，软件虽然是解压即用的，在删除之前还是要完成以下几步，防止残留。

删除右键菜单

　　首先把右键的“Cmder Here”去掉，新建文本文件，键入如下内容并改为reg文件执行：

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Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
 
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\cmder]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\cmder]

取消ConEmu

　　为了避免命令提示符路径错误，需要取消Cmder中的强制替换。在Settings→Integration→Default term中取消勾选Force ConEmu as default terminal for console applications。

删除环境变量

　　将之前配置好的环境变量删除，这里不必赘述了。

Windows Terminal安装与配置

下载安装

　　在Microsoft Store搜索Windows Terminal，下载安装即可。

安装字体

　　看到参考资料有推荐程序员字体 ：Fira Code，感觉确实不错，遂采用。访问地址下载，解压ttf文件夹，然后全选安装。

安装PowerShell 7

　　启动Window Terminal会提示尝试新的跨平台 PowerShell https://aka.ms/pscore6，看着很不爽，访问其Github发布页，下载指定版本，一般为PowerShell-7.x.x-win-x64.msi。

安装PowerShell插件

　　打开PowerShell，逐行输入如下命令：

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# 1. 安装 PSReadline 包，该插件可以让命令行很好用，类似 zsh
Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -AllowPrerelease -Force

# 2. 安装 posh-git 包，让你的 git 更好用
Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser

# 3. 安装 oh-my-posh 包，让你的命令行更酷炫、优雅
Install-Module oh-my-posh -Scope CurrentUser

　　如果提示来源可能不受系统信任，输入 Y 信任即可。

配置

默认配置

　　将defaultProfile设置为PowerShell的GUID："{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}"。

配色

　　可以在Terminal Color Scheme Designer选择喜欢的主题，导出为Alacritty格式复制粘贴即可，也可以在Windows Terminal Themes中挑选，原理同上。

　　这里俺偷了老弟@Kotori-y的配色，稍加改动，配置如下：

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// 此处为defaults设置
{
    "startingDirectory": ".",
    "fontFace": "Fira Code",
    "fontSize": 11,
    "historySize": 9001,
    "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
    "snapOnInput": true,
    "useAcrylic": false,
    "acrylicOpacity": 0.55,
    "backgroundImage" : "%LOCALAPPDATA%\\packages\\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\\RoamingState\\Reimu.jpg",
    "backgroundImageOpacity" : 0.3,
    "colorScheme": "Seafoam Pastel"
}

// 此处为schemes设置
{
    "name": "Seafoam Pastel",
    "background": "#243435",
    "foreground": "#d4e7d4",
    "selectionBackground": "#B00C11",

    //ANSI color
    "black": "#757575",
    "red": "#825d4d",
    "green": "#728c62",
    "yellow": "#ada16d",
    "blue": "#4d7b82",
    "purple": "#8a7267",
    "cyan": "#729494",
    "white": "#e0e0e0",
    "brightBlack": "#8a8a8a",
    "brightRed": "#cf937a",
    "brightGreen": "#98d9aa",
    "brightYellow": "#fae79d",
    "brightBlue": "#7ac3cf",
    "brightPurple": "#d6b2a1",
    "brightCyan": "#ade0e0",
    "brightWhite": "#e0e0e0"
}

　　其中背景图片需要自行改动设置。

下拉列表

　　根据个人需求稍加改动了一些，配置如下：

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{
    "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "PowerShell",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
},
{
    // Make changes here to the cmd.exe profile.
    "guid": "{0caa0dad-35be-5f56-a8ff-afceeeaa6101}",
    "name": "CMD",
    "commandline": "cmd.exe",
    "hidden": false
},
{
    "guid": "{c6eaf9f4-32a7-5fdc-b5cf-066e8a4b1e40}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "Ubuntu-18.04",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.Wsl"
},
{
    "guid": "{b453ae62-4e3d-5e58-b989-0a998ec441b8}",
    "hidden": true,
    "name": "Azure Cloud Shell",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.Azure"
},
{
    "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "PowerShell",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore"
},
{
    "guid": "{ee4fe116-1375-4c00-925c-1e361f99496d}",
    "name": "IPython",
    "commandline": "cmd.exe /C D:\\Users\\Catkin\\Anaconda3\\Scripts\\activate.bat D:\\Users\\Catkin\\Anaconda3 & ipython",
    "hidden": false,
    "icon": "C:\\Users\\Catkin\\AppData\\Local\\Packages\\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\\RoamingState\\ipython_nb.ico"
}

　　其中IPython的路径和icon需要自行改动设置。

添加右键菜单

　　使用脚本自动生成右键菜单。

　　将上述仓库的脚本Clone下来，然后管理员模式运行PowerShell 7，切换至src目录，执行：

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.\install.ps1 Default

　　也可以用参数mini实现迷你模式；也有展开模式，可用参数Flat实现。

　　如要卸载，则执行如下代码：

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.\uninstall.ps1 Default

　　俺稍加改动了一下，主要是感觉太长了，如有需要亦可自行修改。

添加启动参数

　　在 powershell 中输入

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notepad.exe $Profile

　　在编辑如下代码，保存关闭。

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#------------------------------- Import Modules BEGIN -------------------------------
# 引入 posh-git
Import-Module posh-git

# 引入 oh-my-posh
Import-Module oh-my-posh

# 设置 PowerShell 主题
Set-Theme Paradox
#------------------------------- Import Modules END   -------------------------------





#-------------------------------  Set Hot-keys BEGIN  -------------------------------
# 设置 Tab 键补全
# Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function Complete

# 设置 Ctrl+d 为菜单补全和 Intellisense
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Tab" -Function MenuComplete

# 设置 Ctrl+d 为退出 PowerShell
Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+d" -Function ViExit

# 设置 Ctrl+z 为撤销
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+z" -Function Undo

# 设置向上键为后向搜索历史记录
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key UpArrow -Function HistorySearchBackward

# 设置向下键为前向搜索历史纪录
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key DownArrow -Function HistorySearchForward
#-------------------------------  Set Hot-keys END    -------------------------------





#-------------------------------    Functions BEGIN   -------------------------------
# Python 直接执行
$env:PATHEXT += ";.py"

# 更新 pip 的方法
function Update-Packages {
    # update pip
    Write-Host "Step 1: 更新 pip" -ForegroundColor Magenta -BackgroundColor Cyan
    $a = pip list --outdated
    $num_package = $a.Length - 2
    for ($i = 0; $i -lt $num_package; $i++) {
        $tmp = ($a[2 + $i].Split(" "))[0]
        pip install -U $tmp
    }

    # update TeX Live
    $CurrentYear = Get-Date -Format yyyy
    Write-Host "Step 2: 更新 TeX Live" $CurrentYear -ForegroundColor Magenta -BackgroundColor Cyan
    tlmgr update --self
    tlmgr update --all
}
#-------------------------------    Functions END     -------------------------------





#-------------------------------   Set Alias Begin    -------------------------------
# 1. 编译函数 make
function MakeThings {
    nmake.exe $args -nologo
}
Set-Alias -Name make -Value MakeThings

# 2. 更新系统 os-update
Set-Alias -Name os-update -Value Update-Packages

# 3. 查看目录 ls & ll
function ListDirectory {
    (Get-ChildItem).Name
    Write-Host("")
}
Set-Alias -Name ls -Value ListDirectory
Set-Alias -Name ll -Value Get-ChildItem
#-------------------------------    Set Alias END     -------------------------------

参考

Kotori-y的个人配置

Windows Terminal 完美配置 PowerShell 7.1

# Cmder, PowerShell, Windows Terminal
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